Benadryl has been related to the side effect of Obtundation. If you are taking Benadryl and have experienced Obtundation this information may be of use to you.
IMPORTANT NOTE: The following information is intended to supplement, not substitute for, the expertise and judgment of your physician, pharmacist or other healthcare professional. It should not be construed to indicate that use of the drug is safe, appropriate, or effective for you. Consult your healthcare professional before using this drug.
Benadryl (diphenhydramine hydrochloride) is an antihistamine drug having the chemical name 2-(Diphenylmethoxy)-N,N-dimethylethylamine
hydrochloride. It occurs as a white, crystalline powder, is freely soluble in water and alcohol and has a molecular weight
of 291.82. The molecular formula is C17H21NO • HCl. The structural formula is as follows:
Benadryl in the parenteral form is a sterile, pyrogen-free solution available in a concentration of 50 mg of diphenhydramine
hydrochloride per mL. The solutions for parenteral use have been adjusted to a pH between 5.0 and 6.0 with either sodium hydroxide
or hydrochloric acid. The multidose Steri-Vials® contain 0.1 mg/mL benzethonium chloride as a germicidal agent.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
Diphenhydramine hydrochloride is an antihistamine with anticholinergic (drying) and sedative side effects. Antihistamines
appear to compete with histamine for cell receptor sites on effector cells.
Benadryl in the injectable form has a rapid onset of action. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride is widely distributed throughout
the body, including the CNS. A portion of the drug is excreted unchanged in the urine, while the rest is metabolized via the
liver. Detailed information on the pharmacokinetics of Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride Injection is not available.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Benadryl in the injectable form is effective in adults and pediatric patients, other than premature infants and neonates,
for the following conditions when Benadryl in the oral form is impractical.
Antihistaminic
For amelioration of allergic reactions to blood or plasma, in anaphylaxis as an adjunct to epinephrine and other standard
measures after the acute symptoms have been controlled, and for other uncomplicated allergic conditions of the immediate type
when oral therapy is impossible or contraindicated.
Motion sickness
For active treatment of motion sickness.
Antiparkinsonism
For use in parkinsonism, when oral therapy is impossible or contraindicated, as follows: parkinsonism in the elderly who are
unable to tolerate more potent agents; mild cases of parkinsonism in other age groups, and in other cases of parkinsonism
in combination with centrally acting anticholinergic agents.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Use in Neonates or Premature Infants
This drug should not be used in neonates or premature infants.
Use in Nursing Mothers
Because of the higher risk of antihistamines for infants generally, and for neonates and prematures in particular, antihistamine
therapy is contraindicated in nursing mothers.
Use as a Local Anesthetic
Because of the risk of local necrosis, this drug should not be used as a local anesthetic.
Antihistamines are also contraindicated in the following conditions: Hypersensitivity to diphenhydramine hydrochloride and other antihistamines of similar chemical structure.
WARNINGS
Antihistamines should be used with considerable caution in patients with narrow-angle glaucoma, stenosing peptic ulcer, pyloroduodenal
obstruction, symptomatic prostatic hypertrophy, or bladder-neck obstruction.
Local necrosis has been associated with the use of subcutaneous or intradermal use of intravenous Benadryl.
Use in Pediatric Patients
In pediatric patients, especially, antihistamines in overdosage may cause hallucinations, convulsions, or death.
As in adults, antihistamines may diminish mental alertness in pediatric patients. In the young pediatric patient, particularly,
they may produce excitation.
Use in the Elderly (approximately 60 years or older)
Antihistamines are more likely to cause dizziness, sedation, and hypotension in elderly patients.
PRECAUTIONS
General
Diphenhydramine hydrochloride has an atropine-like action and, therefore, should be used with caution in patients with a history
of bronchial asthma, increased intraocular pressure, hyperthyroidism, cardiovascular disease or hypertension. Use with caution
in patients with lower respiratory disease including asthma.
Information for Patients
Patients taking diphenhydramine hydrochloride should be advised that this drug may cause drowsiness and has an additive effect
with alcohol.
Patients should be warned about engaging in activities requiring mental alertness such as driving a car or operating appliances,
machinery, etc.
Drug Interactions
Diphenhydramine hydrochloride has additive effects with alcohol and other CNS depressants (hypnotics, sedatives, tranquilizers,
etc).
MAO inhibitors prolong and intensify the anticholinergic (drying) effects of antihistamines.
Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility
Long-term studies in animals to determine mutagenic and carcinogenic potential have not been performed.
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Category B
Reproduction studies have been performed in rats and rabbits at doses up to 5 times the human dose and have revealed no evidence
of impaired fertility or harm to the fetus due to diphenhydramine hydrochloride. There are, however, no adequate and well-controlled
studies in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should
be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed.
Pediatric Use
Benadryl should not be used in neonates and premature infants (see CONTRAINDICATIONS).
Benadryl may diminish mental alertness, or, in the young pediatric patient, cause excitation. Overdosage may cause hallucinations,
convulsions, or death (see WARNINGS and OVERDOSAGE).
GU System: Urinary frequency, difficult urination, urinary retention, early menses
Respiratory System: Thickening of bronchial secretions, tightness of chest or throat and wheezing, nasal stuffiness
OVERDOSAGE
Antihistamine overdosage reactions may vary from central nervous system depression to stimulation. Stimulation is particularly
likely in pediatric patients. Atropine-like signs and symptoms; dry mouth; fixed, dilated pupils; flushing; and gastrointestinal
symptoms may also occur.
Stimulants should not be used.
Vasopressors may be used to treat hypotension.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
THIS PRODUCT IS FOR INTRAVENOUS OR INTRAMUSCULAR ADMINISTRATION ONLY.
Benadryl in the injectable form is indicated when the oral form is impractical.
Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever
solution and container permit.
DOSAGE SHOULD BE INDIVIDUALIZED ACCORDING TO THE NEEDS AND THE RESPONSE OF THE PATIENT.
Pediatric Patients, other than premature infants and neonates
5 mg/kg/24 hr or 150 mg/m2/24 hr. Maximum daily dosage is 300 mg. Divide into four doses, administered intravenously at a rate generally not exceeding
25 mg/min, or deep intramuscularly.
Adults
10 to 50 mg intravenously at a rate generally not exceeding 25 mg/min, or deep intramuscularly, 100 mg if required; maximum
daily dosage is 400 mg.
HOW SUPPLIED
Benadryl in parenteral form is supplied as:
Benadryl Steri-Vials® —sterile, pyrogen-free solution containing 50 mg diphenhydramine hydrochloride in each milliliter of solution with 0.1 mg/mL
benzethonium chloride as a germicidal agent. Available in 10-mL (N 0071-4402-10) Steri-Vials.
—sterile, pyrogen-free solution containing 50 mg diphenhydramine hydrochloride in each milliliter of solution. Available in
packages of twenty-five 1-mL (N 0071-4259-13) Steri-Vials.
Benadryl Steri-Dose ® —sterile, pyrogen-free solution containing 50 mg diphenhydramine hydrochloride in a 1-mL disposable syringe (Steri-Dose).
Available in packages of ten syringes (N 0071-4259-45).
Benadryl Ampoule —sterile, pyrogen-free solution containing 50 mg diphenhydramine hydrochloride in a 1-mL ampoule. Available in packages of
ten (N 0071-4259-03).
Store at controlled room temperature 15°–30°C (59°–86°F). Protect from freezing and light.
Rx only
Manufactured by: Parkedale Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Rochester, MI 48307
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